Universal HealthcareBy NextBestFit

Raises spending or loosens control over it

The path costs more to run, or removes a limit on prices, spending, or use. This matters most when budgets are tight and the added care brings little benefit, and less when the extra spending buys care that is worth it.

Who's affected

Who is hurt
Who gains while it lasts

None identified.

Under your mix of paths

Paths that create or worsen it
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Caused or worsened by these paths

A cost these paths share. Each path's page says how it applies there.

Lower the Medicare age step by step (and enroll children at birth)Tens of millions of people have no coverageRejected

Covering older people first raises spending because their coverage costs the most per person.

No cost sharing at the point of careUnderinsurance: covered, but can't afford to use itChosen

Making care free increases use and spending, as found in the RAND experiment.

Every licensed provider is in-networkNarrow networks and out-of-network surprisesChosen

Universal provider access removes insurers' ability to steer patients toward cheaper or higher-quality providers.

Cover the territories in the national program on the same terms as the statesU.S. territories get capped, lower federal health fundingChosen

Full national inclusion raises federal spending substantially relative to current federal Medicaid spending in Puerto Rico.

Gold-carding and automatic approvalsPrior authorization delays and blocks careChosen

Authorization exemptions remove an insurer cost-control tool.

Tighter medical-loss ratios and non-profit requirementInsurer overhead and profitRejected

Insurers may increase total spending to enlarge their permitted overhead.

Pay more for reliable supplyDrug shortages of cheap, essential genericsChosen

Premiums for reliable manufacturers and long-term supply contracts raise generic drug prices.

National stockpile and onshore productionDrug shortages of cheap, essential genericsChosen

Drug buffer stocks are expensive, and expiring drugs must be rotated.

Fair dispensing fees and support for rural pharmaciesPharmacy closures and pharmacy desertsChosen

Cost-covering dispensing fees and additional underserved-area payments raise dispensing costs.

Standby payments to keep labor units openMaternity care desertsChosen

Paying labor units for readiness rather than per birth is expensive per birth.

Loan forgiveness and service obligationsHealth professional shortage areasChosen

Free training tied to service is costly per clinician placed.

Fund more residency slotsPhysician shortage, especially in primary careChosen

Funding additional residency positions is costly per slot.

Team-based care with physician oversightScope-of-practice limits waste capacityRejected

Physician-supervised team roles involve supervision fees that add costs.

Pay mental health clinicians at parityMental health care is hard to getChosen

Raising payment rates for therapists and psychiatrists is costly.

Free preventive care and vaccinesPrevention and public health are underfundedChosen

Removing charges for preventive services raises costs as use increases.

Redundant public infrastructureCyberattacks can halt payments and careChosen

Running redundant public claims infrastructure with an offline fallback is costly.

Pay for activity on top of budgetsLonger waits if demand grows faster than capacityChosen

Paying extra for procedures beyond baseline volume can increase spending.

Dedicated trust fund with automatic indexingChronic underfunding by government budgetsChosen

Automatic budget growth with costs, population, and age mix weakens spending control.

Cover everything clinically effective, without cost thresholdsCentral coverage decisions can feel like rationingRejected

Covering effective treatments without cost-per-QALY thresholds raises spending and weakens negotiating leverage.

Base budget plus activity paymentsFixed budgets can ration careChosen

Paying per case above a baseline can lead to growing procedure volume.