People with unaffordable deductibles or coinsurance

Paths that fix these help them.

• Medical debt affects about 100 million people: Medical debt leads them to skip care and face damaged credit and financial distress.
• Patients can't know prices in advance: Secret contracts and inconsistent transparency make prices hard to know in advance.
• Pharmacy benefit managers profit from opaque drug pricing: List-price-based coinsurance exposes them to higher drug prices.
• Facility fees: the same service costs more in a hospital-owned building: Hospital ownership adds a facility fee to the cost of the same clinic visit.
• Brand-name drug prices far above production cost: Market exclusivity sustains drug prices far above production cost.
• Cyberattacks can halt payments and care: Cyberattacks expose personal health data.